In the pre-attack phase, there are seven steps, which have been defined by the EC-Council, as follows:

1. Information gathering
2. Determining network range
3. Identifying active machines
4. Finding open ports and applications
5. OS fingerprinting
6. Fingerprinting services
7. Mapping the network

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IP spoofing

IP spoofing is about the most advanced attack that can be executed on a computer system. IP spoofing, if done correctly, is one of the smoothest and hardest attacks on

Clickjacking technique called “content extraction”

Cookiejacking is a UI redressing attack that allows an attacker to hijack his victim’s cookies without any XSS. Clickjacking attacks have been widely adopted by attackers worldwide on popular websites

EtterCap – ARP Spoofing And Beyond

When it comes to Network Security, my philosophy is – “You can’t afford to know less than the Hacker.” This means that in order to protect ourselves effectively, we need